Defining the Schema: Before annotation begins, a predefined structure or “skeleton” is created — specifying which keypoints (e.g., nose, elbows, knees) should be marked.

Manual or Semi-Automated Marking: Annotators manually place points on the defined positions, or AI-assisted tools suggest positions for human validation.

Coordinate Recording: Each keypoint’s X and Y coordinates (and sometimes Z for 3D data) are stored in datasets.

Connecting Relationships: Keypoints are linked with lines to form skeletons or outlines, showing spatial relationships and movement paths.

Quality Validation: Annotated data undergoes quality checks to ensure accuracy and consistency across images.

Augmentation & Model Training: The annotated images are then used to train AI models that detect or track these points automatically in new data.

Human Pose Estimation: Keypoints mark body joints (e.g., wrists, shoulders, knees) to study motion or gestures.

Facial Landmark Annotation: Labels facial points such as eyes, eyebrows, nose, mouth, and jawline for emotion or identity recognition.

Object Keypoint Annotation: Identifies critical parts of machinery, vehicles, or tools (e.g., wheel centers, handles, or corners).

Animal Keypoint Annotation: Marks body parts (legs, tail, ears, snout) for behavior tracking and veterinary research.

Hand Pose Annotation: Focuses on finger joints and palm centers for gesture recognition and AR/VR applications.

Foot & Gait Analysis: Used in sports or healthcare to study walking patterns by marking ankle and foot joints.

Medical Keypoints: Marks anatomical landmarks (e.g., bone joints, organs) in medical imaging for diagnostic AI.

Human Activity Recognition – Used in sports analytics, healthcare, and gesture control.

Facial Recognition & Emotion Detection – Mapping facial landmarks to identify expressions or individuals.

Autonomous Vehicles & Robotics – Detecting pedestrians and analyzing human poses for safe navigation.

AR/VR and Animation – Capturing motion and facial expressions for avatars or characters.

Industrial Inspection – Monitoring equipment posture or mechanical part alignment.